Juniper Publishers-Oceanography Open Access Journal

  Juniper Publishers -  Journal of Oceanography Abstract An intense bloom of Tetraselmis sp., producing strong water discoloration was observed from December 28th of 2005 through January 10th of 2006 in the Valparaiso Bay (32º 57’S; 71º 33’W). Blooms of Tetraselmis sp. have never been reported in this bay, or along the coast of Chile. The confluence of a series of environmental conditions observed before and during the bloom such as: high solar radiation, anomalous UV radiation levels, high sea surface temperatures, water stratification and high nutrient concentrations may have contributed to the development of this unique event. Keywords:   Bloom tetraselmis sp ; High solar irradianc; Positive UV anomaly; Valparaiso bay; Chile Go to Introduction Algal blooms are recurring events in coastal regions frequently associated with high nutrients concentrations, particularly of phosphorus and nitrogen. In the Valparaiso Bay, southwesterly winds prevail during the spring and earl...

  Juniper Publishers -  Journal of Oceanography Opinion Different climate models have concluded that the average global temperature has increased in the last century [ 1 ]. This change in global temperature has influenced climate conditions worldwide affecting population dynamics (e.g. phytoplankton communities) in ecosystems in different ways [ 1 - 3 ]. In terms of aquatic ecosystems, evidence has shown that some photo synthetic microorganisms may adapt and thrive successfully under warmer climatic conditions, while other cannot [ 4 ]. The toxigenic cyanobacterium  Microcystis aeruginosa  (Kutzing) Kutzing 1846 is a gram-negative photosynthetic prokaryote adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions in mesotrophic and eutrophic aquatic ecosystems [ 5 ]. The main family of toxins synthetized by  M. aeruginosa  are microcystins (hepatotoxins); in nature, more than 90 microcystin congeners are known [ 6 ]. Microcystins are water-soluble and stable mole...

  Juniper Publishers -  Journal of Oceanography Opinion Climate change is not an impending event, it has already arrived. Its extent is unclear, but notions of an impending or present mass extinction abound. Global warming is tempered by our seas, where more than a third of the planet's carbon is stored. These oceans, enormous sinks of carbon and home to vast and diverse life forms, will transform from a preserver of climatic balance to a destroyer of it. Barring a radical reduction of emissions, we will see at least four feet of sea-level rise and possibly ten by the end of the century. Climate change appears to be the most pressing collective action problem of modern times. Global coordination initiatives - from Kyoto to Paris -have not, to date, resulted in an appreciable reduction of emissions or in any discernable shift, globally, our economic system. Fundamentally, human perceptions of water, fish and nature generally has been through the lens of a resource. This paradig...

  Juniper Publishers -  Journal of Oceanography Introduction Aquaculture activities are increasing worldwide due to the rapid increase in world population and increase in demand for aquaculture products. In recent years, interest of consumers on aquaculture products such as fish and arthropod increased in EU, there by fish farming rapidly increased, in contrast, natural fish stocks were decreased [ 1 ]. Increased demand on fish mainly satisfied by salmon (Salmo salar) in cold regions, by sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and sea bream (Sparus aurata) in Mediterranean and warm regions [ 2 - 4 ]. Growing demands of the consumers will be satisfied along with adaptive aquaculture practices which reduce dependence on natural stocks. It will also create a new business area for the people who live in coastal areas and reduce the economic impacts on them [ 5 ]. Over the last decade, aquaculture industry is growing continuously hereat the environmental effects of the aqua...