Seaweeds Used as Remedies in Bulgaria-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Oceanography & Fisheries Open Access Journal

Seaweeds Used as Remedies in Bulgaria

Authored by Maya P Stoyneva-Gartnër

The paper presents data on the medical use of seaweeds in Bulgaria. The country borders the peculiar Black Sea, which does not contain typical marine algal flora. However, according to the ethnobiological literature, three marine macro algae have been used in Bulgarian folk medicine. Cystoseira barbata well known as the largest Bulgarian alga and a typical Black Sea representative.Its usage in the traditional medicine is quite logical, whereas for Chondrus crispus and Fucus vesiculosus, which do not occur in the Black Sea, it can be only speculated that they have been imported in the country for medical usage.
Bulgaria occupies a part of the Balkan Peninsula and has the peculiar Black Sea as its main eastern border. In spite of the fact that the country achieved higher ethnobiological attention during the last decade, the seaweeds were much less focused in these studies. Therefore the aim of this paper is to provide information on their traditional use as remedies in Bulgaria.The study is based on the combined analysis of ethnobiological literature available and field trips, conducted by the authors in the years 1986-2016. Materials and methods used are described in detail in [1].
The study area covers the Black Sea aquatory in the eastern part of the country along the 378km coastal line. It is a small part (6,358 km2) of the total Black Sea area (436,400 km2). The Turkish Straits comprise the Bosphorus, the Sea of Marmara and the Dardanelles and connect the Black Sea with the Aegean Sea. However, in spite of being connected with the Mediterranean, the Black Sea is a peculiar water basin characterized by lack of real tides (difference in water level being 8-10cm), low halinity levels (16-18%) and significant anoxic layer well below the surface water. Therefore it hosts peculiar flora and fauna, almost completely lacking typical marine and ocean species [2]. This is especially valid of its macrophyte algal flora, which consists mainly of red, green and brown algae [3].
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